Interview topics: breast cancer prevention and treatment of human philosophy
mm Experts on breast cancer early detection and treatment of new technologies
invited guests: Beijing Union Medical College Hospital Professor Sun Qiang, director of breast surgery
Beijing Cancer Hospital, prevention and treatment of breast cancer Ouyang Tao, Director of the Centre, Professor
against breast cancer is one of women's health, cancer, incidence rates of breast cancer incidence ranks first in women. As to radical mastectomy for breast cancer therapy or modified radical mastectomy based , supplemented by chemotherapy, radiotherapy, postoperative upper extremity dysfunction, absence of the breast, and with the extension of patient survival, patients prone to psychological imbalance, emotional despair, refusing treatment or even commit suicide, etc..
but with the breast cancer prevention and control concepts and technology continues to evolve, such as early B-and wide dissemination of mammography, the spread of healthy living ideas, so that breast cancer patients were more early detection of diseases, or even prevent disease. Also, for breast cancer patients, with breast-conserving surgery, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, sentinel lymph node biopsy, breast reconstruction after maintenance treatment and the use of new technologies such as, but also to breast cancer patients better quality of life and survival, reflecting the continuous progress of human breast cancer prevention concept.
this end, 38 Women's Day, Union Hospital, Beijing Sohu health Invited Professor Sun Qiang and Beijing Cancer Hospital, Professor Tao Ouyang guest expert interviews, the friends talk about breast cancer prevention with the latest technology and progress.
Record interview follows:
Moderator: users Hello everyone, Welcome to the Sohu health interview room. Breast cancer is the one against cancer women's health, the incidence rate of breast cancer incidence of women living rate of the first. But breast cancer prevention as the continuous development of ideas and technology, such as early B-and wide dissemination of mammography examination, the spread of healthy living ideas, so that breast cancer patients were more early detection of diseases, or even prevent disease. also to breast cancer patients better quality of life and survival, reflecting the continuous progress of human breast cancer prevention and control concept. To this end, 38 Women's Day, Union Hospital, Beijing Sohu health Invited Professor Sun Qiang and Beijing Cancer Hospital Professor Tao Ouyang guest expert interviews, the friends talk about breast cancer prevention and the latest technology and progress.
Qiang Sun: good netizens, we are very willing to share you friends, hope that through our communication, so that netizens more attention and more women's health care.
Ouyang Tao: In the March Eighth special day, very happy to meet with you here.
Moderator: First of all let us introduce two guests: < br> Dr. Sun Qiang Beijing Union Medical College Hospital Professor Sun Qiang, director of breast surgery.
Beijing Union Medical College Hospital, director of breast surgery, Chief Physician, Master Instructor, executive director of the Chinese Society of Microcirculation, Chinese Medical Association study group of breast endocrine surgery, member of China Seniors Association Standing Committee of the tumor, the Chinese Association for Breast Cancer Professional Committee, graduated from Shanghai Medical University, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Hawkins went to the United States Visiting Research University. In recent years presided over a number of national on breast Cancer research topics such as national key project Department of Ninth Five-Year research project br> Beijing Cancer Hospital, director of the Center for breast cancer treatment Ouyang Tao. Chief Physician, Master Instructor, Beijing Cancer Hospital, director of prevention and treatment of breast cancer, and breast ward director of the China Association of breast cancer Standing Committee of the Chinese elderly Society of Geriatric Oncology Committee of the Executive Committee of .2001 treatment after returning into the Breast Cancer Prevention Center, served as deputy chief physician, chief physician. has introduced for the center lesion biopsy, minimally invasive biopsy (Mammotome) with autologous tissue breast molding technology. now medical work has focused on breast cancer adjuvant therapy, breast-conserving therapy and sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast shape. medical practices advocated rigorous standards fully reflect the interests of patients.
Professor Sun Qiang
high incidence of breast cancer factors with which daily life ?
Moderator: Breast cancer has become the first life against a killer of women, resulting in increased incidence of breast cancer What are the reasons? relationship with daily life what?
Qiang Sun: With the people's living standards increase, incidence of breast cancer in China is increasing. the incidence of breast cancer based on an average annual growth rate of 15% of the rate of growth, more than double the global growth rate. especially in large cities, because of breast cancer key factor in the pathogenesis of the major female reproductive factors, women's hormone levels factors, environmental factors, nutritional factors and genetic factors and so on. With the success of China's reform and opening up more and more significant, a number of factors, most of the factors, these years great changes are taking place. In western countries a high incidence of breast cancer. Our Asian people living in the West the incidence is also high. such as the United States, the incidence of breast cancer may be at an average of every 8 women, the lifetime breast cancer have a man too. Our incidence of Asians in the West has reached this level. indirectly shows the incidence of breast cancer with the pace of life, environmental factors are related. With the factor of increase in the incidence of breast cancer We believe that the major factors related to or in fertility and infertility, the accelerated pace of life, nutrition, the high fat, high protein, low hemoglobin diet, do not breast-feeding, environmental factors, genetic factors also have an impact.
chair by: together, or with the lifestyle.
Qiang Sun: figurative, it is the Western way of life is the result of the growth rate is now the main reason so fast.
Professor Ouyang Tao of breast
Why is age of onset of cancer than Western women younger?
Moderator: age of onset of breast cancer than Western women to be younger, What is the cause of this feature?
Ouyang Tao: strict data, my disease risk factors and professional, then called twenty-two system, two or more can take into account relevant. Professor Sun has just talked about risk factors for breast-feeding is, in itself does not constitute a risk. now more clear that there are some signs that can be controlled, there Some can not control. have some control, it might become risk factors. calorie intake is very high. including a combination of factors led to the increased incidence of middle age. As for other issues, why the increased incidence is high, this is difficult to explain. can you look at the data, Americans have a network of SE, the network 2004 to 2006 the United States, this is life in the United States, there are whites and blacks, Asians are blue, we, the ethnic and incidence rate is different. even in the same living conditions, the incidence rate is not the same. This is life in the United States, ethnic and morbidity are related, the left is white, black men, Asians, even in the same living conditions, race is also a big difference.
incidence of younger now that, in fact, no such argument, which is in Beijing from 96 to 03 years of investigation, from the process point of view is the number of each age have increased incidence. Now about the rejuvenation of breast cancer and no data support. As to why the incidence rate will increase? It is difficult to have a specific result. may be some cases, because the resulting There are many factors of breast cancer, there are some people who do not controllable, some are likely to be avoided, such as my healthy lifestyle, my intake of energy, fat is more balanced, or I have a certain amount of physical exercise habits. The incidence of breast cancer will have a certain extent. in fact, from the use of point of view, we should be concerned about what to do in this case, spend more effort to consider why the increased incidence of, not as In the face of increased incidence of breast cancer cases, to consider the response.
which treatment for the early detection of breast cancer?
Moderator: for all cancers, early detection and treatment cure rate After the disease will have improved a lot. how discovery of breast cancer, Professor Sun Qiang study very much, Professor Sun to introduce you. Now the discovery of breast cancer means what?
Qiang Sun: Breast Cancer The importance of early detection Needless to say, mainly to reduce breast cancer mortality rates not only improve the chances of survival, but also improve the quality of life of patients and reduce unnecessary costs. in the present Western countries like China is still not the same mechanism of population census, the current situation to develop a good habit of self-examination and regular medical examination to the hospital, or mammography and ultrasound B is very important. in Western countries over 40 years old women, each to two years, more than 50 years of age should be carried out each year, a routine clinical examination and mammography. But in China, the Chinese people or the breast and a little different from Western countries, mainly in breast density, B-for the dense breast is more sensitive, these would also like to further study. In the study did not come out until we recommend that women 35 years of age should be conducted every year or two to the hospital for a medical examination or mammography. hope that once a year over 50 years, and to develop the habit of self-examination. We often see patients or to hear a story, or participated in a campaign, go back later to attach importance to, and then went to check. have this kinds of situations, which is why we are willing to SOHU or cause other media to do missionary. Meanwhile, I hope the majority of users can have the opportunity to declare activities in this regard, more emphasis on the health of the breast.
chair people: the incidence is now so high, how should we respond?
Ouyang Tao: Actually very early, 57 in Sweden began to promote regular screening, at that time regardless of its relatively high or low differentiation. abroad is now generally Screening of a medical examination. We do not have early diagnosis method of early diagnosis of what is the purpose? mainly to reduce deaths. If you build a way to early detection, and this method can reduce breast cancer mortality. breast Indeed, the patient can self-test found that some relatively early stage of the disease. but does not reduce mortality through early detection. This approach is no longer recommended for cancer early detection methods. What is early diagnosis? What is the purpose of early diagnosis? Currently, foreign research, the research on breast cancer screening, the standard is regularly mentioned earlier Sun Zhuren breast cancer screening, but it has a weakness, weakness is not clear. white Americans, the age of 50, 50 % of the density of the gland is, what is the density glands? according to a film, if the white area of more than 50%, is density of glands, 50% under the age of 50 is the case, more than 50 years of age a third of the case. Late last year a forum in the United States, which published a study of the above conclusions, the article by the end of 2008 the journal published the United States, he more than 2,000 patients, with mammography and breast cancer screening do B-and found 40 cases, 12 are found in B-alone, mammography can not see. Meanwhile, there is a molybdenum target 12 can see, B-see. In screening for breast cancer, normal screening may need two methods combined, but what conditions need into one? is not known.
Moderator: you can determine based on clinical experience?
Ouyang Tao: those found in clinical experience their breasts who have problems can be seen. One is to see the doctor found the problem, which is diagnostic examination, there is a healthy person to do inspection is to identify the purpose of my breasts is not a problem.
breast-conserving surgery for which patients?
Moderator: We talked earlier about the causes and incidence of breast cancer early detection methods. Then we talk about the topic of breast cancer treatment. For a lot of female friends suffering After breast cancer, previous surgery and radiotherapy and chemotherapy is used as the primary means. recently with the therapy progresses, the security of breast surgery is increasingly being used in more clinical in our usage of the national security of the breast is still relatively low. Next, tell us about Paul Ouyang, director of breast surgery is like? for what kind of patients?
Ouyang Tao: keep breast surgery is not a cure, is called together a few treatment of breast preserving treatment, the treatment proved to be safe. has been a lot of treatment proved to be safe. from the implementation of the scientific basis of aspects of the treatment is based. hospitals to provide treatment, the patient himself to choose whether or not to leave my own breast, He chose to stay in the breast, we come to him for treatment of conditions. If the tumor volume relative to the size of the breast is relatively large when the operation directly to do, you may need to do preparation before surgery. I do not understand why if not generally done. in our hospital from 2004 inside. As the patient's request, we about 50% of patients treated with conservation surgery is done, is the patient's own initiative. you want to make him understand that the operation this level of treatment, he has chosen. doctors to do is to explain the reasons for the different options, clear the patient after the patient you should choose a good way to medical methods and service implementation. so I'm not too understand why some places do not carry it.
Moderator: conserving the will of the patient how do you look?
Qiang Sun: breast-conserving surgery is designed to improve the quality of life of patients is to see the wishes of patients. If The patients had breast conservation will, she thinks her breasts to keep the quality of life is very important. We doctors must fight to keep the breast as much as possible. If the patient's condition does not allow, the breast is too small, the tumor is too large. We Surgery before treatment, or wider excision, or repair other parts of the organization to achieve to keep the breast. contraindication to keep the breasts we can expand, and had not insurance, we can now protect. If some patients did not the wishes of breast conservation, for example, relatively large age of the patients, but the side effects of breast conserving large, breast conservation patients had no desire to, do not insist on conserving, but a burden to patients.
Moderator: breast-conserving surgery technology level is already very mature?
Ouyang Tao: should not say that technology should be said that security protection is mature.
conserving therapy need to pay attention to what the problem?
Moderator: Paul milk during treatment, need to pay attention to what issues?
Ouyang Tao: More doctors should pay attention to aspects of the grasp of the first indications to be very strict. which patients are suitable and which are not suitable for the patient. If not suitable for breast-conserving, after Preoperative treatment of cancer remains high. this time to turn to the treatment of breast shape, to keep the appearance of her breast. There will of breast conservation patients, we will not ask her. you have such a request to provide, in the choice of the above to Be very clear what the patient can choose, ultimately achieving the purpose of healing.
Host: One netizen said. her upper extremity edema after breast cancer surgery, what is the reason?
Qiang Sun: After the upper limb There are many edema, such activities led to tissue damage after excessive, or tumor recurrence after the blocked part of the back. some are associated with the surgical trauma, some are associated with radiotherapy, some are with the postoperative recover improper relationship. currently disposed above the upper extremity edema has not particularly effective approach, there are some drugs, if you exclude the premise of tumor recurrence, can take some physical methods, pressure to prevent reflux. surgery is not yet mature, There are some individualized surgery for lymphatic vessels can be imported, which is immature, and now very few are reported. There may be factors in surgery, radiotherapy is also possible that factor is also possible that improper factors in postoperative recovery .
sentinel lymph node biopsy to avoid axillary lymph node dissection
Moderator: On the lymph nodes, for example, we have done before the interview process, many patients with breast cancer surgery, when should be refined, new Technology has also been reported, he can do a lymph node slipknot ways to avoid part of the postoperative quality of life issues. This part of the technology to us about.
Ouyang Tao: As a lymph node dissection in breast cancer surgery, resulting in upper limb edema. The probability is 15%. For patients with lymph node metastasis, the surgery is necessary. there is no lymph node metastasis for patients, the surgery is unnecessary surgery. lymph node metastasis in the number of patients in the end? treatment in our daily , only 30% of the patients with lymph node metastasis. that we have only about one-third of the patients do need to note from the perspective of the treatment. Late upper extremity edema caused by inevitable, because it is the costs of her treatment. But for that 70% had no lymph node response to first determine if there is no lymph node response. If found by means of breast cancer screening, breast cancer metastasis to the lymph nodes may be only 10%, if the early treatment avoid more problems. present technical methods used to determine lymph node did not transfer, which is to rely on, is justified. If after lymph node biopsy done and found no lymph node metastasis, not to Ye. For us to do lymph node metastasis less than two thousand cases, and some patients because there is no lymph node metastasis, leading to the risk of the patient.
Moderator: This technology is for some patients with early help?
Ouyang Tao: There is indication . What kind of patient lymph node metastasis can be done, and what kind of patients do after the relatively poor reliability, there is a relevant control.
Moderator: If there are indications now, the doctor can give him? < br> Sun Qiang: full lymph node dissection can reduce the complications. If the operation of the lymph node dissection led to the proportion of less serious. the choice not to be so loose on indications, clinical diagnosis can be transferred to some relatively small probability on the use cases. For some the possibility of large lymph node disease, after all, there is a small 5% of patients will leave hidden, so that patients will have more then the possibility of recurrence. So, the whole lymph node dissection should be determine the possibility of lymph node metastasis in patients less implementation.
neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer what role?
Moderator: As the traditional method of breast cancer treatment is chemotherapy, have also introduced director Ouyang, for some of our early Paul can not be milk, some chemotherapy methods. The technology that we called in the clinical chemotherapy, surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy compared. The new role of adjuvant chemotherapy for what? What are the benefits to the patient?
Qiang Sun: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is chemotherapy before surgery, regardless of the chemotherapy before surgery or chemotherapy, chemotherapy after surgery. goal is to reduce the chance of recurrence. neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery for breast cancer the amount of overall survival of patients, has been a large number of studies suggest that there is no big difference. either preoperative or postoperative do not make a big difference. Therefore, the choice of preoperative or postoperative made to do all we can. preoperative do, for some relatively large tumors, surgical resection is risky to do before this is definitely a good thing. In addition, some breast-conserving urge to breast conservation, but the tumor is relatively large, and I breast-conserving inconvenient, this time the first more beneficial to do some of adjuvant chemotherapy. Of course, while doing neoadjuvant chemotherapy, postoperative chemotherapy can give some guidance. neoadjuvant chemotherapy, but there are certain risks, some patients the new drug is not sensitive to chemotherapy, resulting in there is a corresponding progress of the disease, which also has some risks. Therefore, in our application of the process must be applied flexibly.
Ouyang Tao: This question should be put talk about the professional point of view. actually come to this area said, I do not think that the missionary position into the public discussion. because it is an area of expertise to some controversial issues.
Moderator: We just want to tell the public what it has the technology.
Ouyang Tao: new adjuvant therapy to do, this I told Sunda Fu often have some academic debate. We are the most done, the purpose is two, in part, assisted breast-conserving therapy. when you judge this person can do breast-conserving treatment, you do, can do 70% down. In fact the reason is to improve the preoperative treatment by his cure. This is the international scope of breast cancer, is a recognized academic field. The second, is not able to adoption of new adjuvant therapy to the patient to determine the effectiveness of drug use. According to our current treatment guidelines, the man once in the adjuvant treatment with chemotherapy, in fact we are the body of his memory as a treatment change. this time your treatment is effective The end result of a relationship with. now, with the same program, preoperative and postoperative do not make any impact on life. If I can say that the new adjuvant therapy, before and after surgery can do the whole process is the same. This is still at the stage of debate.
Moderator: the treatment of patients, patients and doctors communicated to do?
Ouyang Tao: not patients and doctors to communicate but to doctors and patients to communication, the patient decided, then you do. If we determine that the patient records of postoperative adjuvant therapy, the patient then we would recommend adjuvant therapy. The implementation of any medical acts, in addition to saving lives in the emergency room a short time to make quick decisions and others are to go through the patient's consent.
which patients with advanced breast cancer new treatment?
Moderator: I just said on the slide, and now we have all ages of breast cancer are increased. We share some of our countries a lot of late-ratio. late surgery patients may lose the opportunity. For such patients, clinically there any new progress in his treatment there any effect improve?
Qiang Sun: Now, for the late recurrence of breast cancer, and now the means of treatment very much. metastasis and recurrence is very troublesome in the past, and now there are many means, including chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, radiotherapy and molecular targeted therapy These treatments will enable patients with certain benefits. For example, the use of molecular targeted drugs for the HER2 receptor-positive patients can often be some unexpected good results.
Ouyang Tao: Speaking of late, we about the recurrence of breast cancer, the guiding principle of this group therapy the purpose is to prolong life as much as possible the time treatment to patients to minimize impact on the quality of life. depends on two issues: first, how much you available methods. Second, how can these methods in a reasonable manner, to each method to achieve maximum results. On the one hand, through the hands of some of the current method of how to better implementation, as well as on the one hand is a new drug R & D to get some new methods.
Moderator: Tell us about the specific treatment of breast cancer is now the situation?
Ouyang Tao: I'm not willing to talk open treatment of breast cancer, to see for what people get sick if there is no normal, I told her emphasis on the incidence of early. For those who have treatment, I am not willing to do an overall evaluation. If you have this problem, we should find a doctor to do it. Now Information is a very open, informative, have a variety of information, but I suggest that patients use this information when making decisions need to be careful. What are some of the information sources sources of information have qualified to go to medical advice you mentioned. also talked about another issue, a doctor should look at science. I feel the same way, myself included, have this habit, everyone is a doctor, everyone dare to give yourself a drug, each Personal dare to others suggestions. It was not scientific method. My advice is if there are problems, should go to a doctor you can trust to listen to his advice. may be greater than from the network and the media to find better .
breast reconstruction with a combination of factors to be considered based on individual
Moderator: If you have specific questions, or better go to the hospital. The two also talked about, for breast cancer patients, such as the young, their quality of life relatively high demand. the demand for breast reconstruction is also increasing. this breast reconstruction in the clinical use is kind of how?
Sun Qiang: Indeed so. the one hand, the effect of treatment of breast cancer increasingly the better. On the other hand, people are demanding their own breasts growing. So we have recycling in the clinical needs of patients to see more and more. In fact if you take into account the thoroughness of the local surgery, Taking into account the problem of postoperative radiotherapy, taking into account postoperative examination, taking into account the question whether the recurrence of these consolidated cases, when it said that he proposed recycling needs, you can consider doing a second phase of breast reconstruction . As for the specific means, including autologous tissue reconstruction, such as the back tissue, abdominal tissue, the body can all be false. Of course there are some breast reconstruction surgical trauma. likely to radiotherapy and surgery after surgery after part of review. These should be based on the specific circumstances of each person into account.
Moderator: Ouyang director to do a breast shape or more breast reconstruction.
Qiang Sun: We do not too much. we have breast reconstruction as a reservation as a means of breast. abroad, too, unless the patient, I would like to retain the appearance, but I refuse to do a breast removed, or I can not directly be an integer. more shaping the way we as a backup, if there is sudden breast-conserving surgery When the method can be used as follow-up. And the side of breast cancer, the other side of the more healthy than permanent. our bodies to do if autologous tissue, autologous tissue can be used is limited. One is the prosthesis, the European countries It has been reported, with foreign organizations to do the breast shape, post more often assisted, prone to some problems, because do not know. and then on the one hand, autologous tissue, probably points about class, as well as with the muscle to do, there with waste organizations, such as the fat middle-aged women belly bulge, choose what kind of approach is two-fold, a look at their own conditions, the second to consider the cost of how much. I think so, I think the patient if there is such demand, should go and your guide to discuss all aspects of a doctor, and then decide.
Moderator: recycling and forming no effect for breast cancer disease?
Qiang Sun: There may be some impact, for example, comparing breast cancer large, more than five cm before treatment. There are more than four times the next lymph node metastasis, these people done forming after radiation therapy how to do? This is a certain degree of controversy. now actually need to do on our side molding is precisely the relatively large tumor, which does not.
breast cancer patients to find the best specialist treatment
Moderator: For breast cancer patients, these methods include oncology needs to receive chemotherapy, radiotherapy, breast is the surgery, the treatment requires special methods. do not know the two pairs of this view. because he is a patient, he went to the hospital after he was not able to to choose a specific treatment, require doctors to carry out instructions. these types of treatment How to balance between the methods?
Ouyang Tao: I know what you mean. Qiang Sun, and introduce you when I have a misunderstanding, we are all surgery. but we do not limited to surgery. Now we Breast physicians are willing to introduce us, because the breast is a professional doctor. echoes before and after treatment is the need for the. just like you, like playing chess, the end of this step should also consider the second step. For example, in our center, I asked During the intervention to the medical diagnosis to surgical methods, must mature. are not you looking for a surgeon or physician, Sun Zhuren and our side is not separate the concept of surgery and medicine alone. should be looking for specialist treatment of breast better.
Moderator: If you need to differentiate other than Kenei Ke, give the patient a popular idea on.
Ouyang Tao: What can the hospital and the patient side has to choose, this is two issues.
Sun Qiang: I also quite agree with the views of Dr. Ouyang. the development of modern medicine and see the direction to the comprehensive development of comprehensive treatment specialist, but the future direction of the treatment of disease. a breast specialist doctor should grasp the breast development of the disease treatment. to the macro to determine the organization of a disease, for treatment. But for patients, how he selected, I think he should make this a full understanding of disease, if he told his doctor Goutong after He does not understand that there are many problems, he needs to resolve, and the doctor did not give him an accurate answer. He can go look for some doctors for consultation. the whole disease, and understand what to do and how the treatment, the pros and cons nothing. This is the patient should do. If he found a doctor to solve all his problems, there is no need to go everywhere I want to find.
Ouyang Tao: Mastering the treatment means, not necessarily a physician, surgeon can grasp. We might as well talk a bit more direct way of traditional medicine or traditional surgical approach, it is the means, the means for the purpose of the service. we must first consider the needs of his condition and so on. This is not a simple one or two would be able to speak clearly.
expert users to answer questions
Moderator: We look at the problems users.
friends: I am due to breast cancer in March 2007 the line of breast-conserving surgery, pathology: invasive ductal carcinoma. immunohistochemistry: PR (-), ER (-), C-erbB-2 (+ +) P53 (++). to 2 cycles of postoperative chemotherapy after TAC, the forward IMRT , for a period after the TAC regimen, due to health reasons, followed by 1 cycle of chemotherapy after T + H, but with a week Herceptin treatment (11 cycles) .07 So far in October after discharge, every 3 months review to the hospital once, and immunotherapy (BP prime + thymosin), review in good condition. Q: 1, whether there is a need for immunotherapy? 2, long-term use of such drugs into the appropriateness of immunotherapy? 3, away from Beijing, Patients can telephone appointment to see a doctor, to facilitate remote patient medical treatment?
Qiang Sun: The preceding treatment has ended, as the previous treatment is not standardized, we should not say that again. should be said that we generally stand four to chemotherapy six treatments, she chemotherapy relatively short time, because of her physical reasons, we are recommended time of one year of chemotherapy. For immunotherapy, there is no evidence that the treatment of breast cancer have a clear application to prove its superiority. So I must do this treatment is not recommended.
Ouyang Tao: the so-called immunotherapy with two parts, one specific immunity, a class of non-specific immunity. specific immunity has some indicators can be verified. But there is no non-specific immune particularly clear treatment. I very much agree with Sun Zhuren said, we are no longer on what has happened to make any comment. I want to provide a way of thinking, the patient decided to take this therapy, it should see a clear evidence of treatment you are going to use to achieve the effect you want to achieve. It is very critical. This is not just doctors, patients themselves have very clear. Since you're receiving a treatment, and this treatment with your health to a certain extent, good effects, so did not do some of the relevant scientific research, to find such a treatment is to bring you the benefits or disadvantages. This is a patient ...
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